iOS 摄像头操作

通过[AVCaptureDevice devicesWithMediaType:AVMediaTypeVideo]可以获取到所有摄像头设备

"AVCaptureFigVideoDevice: 0x14fd07620 [Back Camera][com.apple.avfoundation.avcapturedevice.built-in_video:0]",
    "AVCaptureFigVideoDevice: 0x14fd079e0 [Front Camera][com.apple.avfoundation.avcapturedevice.built-in_video:1]",

PS: 从上面可以看出分别包含后置摄像头、前置摄像头

摄像头数据获取及显示

- (void)initCapture {
    AVCaptureDeviceInput *captureInput = [AVCaptureDeviceInput
                                          deviceInputWithDevice:[AVCaptureDevice
                                                                 devicesWithMediaType:AVMediaTypeVideo][1]  error:nil];
    AVCaptureVideoDataOutput *captureOutput = [[AVCaptureVideoDataOutput alloc]
                                               init];
    captureOutput.alwaysDiscardsLateVideoFrames = YES;
    //captureOutput.minFrameDuration = CMTimeMake(1, 10);
    
    dispatch_queue_t queue;
    queue = dispatch_queue_create("cameraQueue", NULL);
    [captureOutput setSampleBufferDelegate:self queue:queue];
    NSString* key = (NSString*)kCVPixelBufferPixelFormatTypeKey;
    NSNumber* value = [NSNumber
                       numberWithUnsignedInt:kCVPixelFormatType_32BGRA];
    NSDictionary* videoSettings = [NSDictionary
                                   dictionaryWithObject:value forKey:key];
    [captureOutput setVideoSettings:videoSettings];
    self.captureSession = [[AVCaptureSession alloc] init];
    [self.captureSession addInput:captureInput];
    [self.captureSession addOutput:captureOutput];
    [self.captureSession startRunning];
    self.customLayer = [CALayer layer];
    self.customLayer.frame = self.view.bounds;
    self.customLayer.transform = CATransform3DRotate(
                                                     CATransform3DIdentity, M_PI/2.0f, 0, 0, 1);
    self.customLayer.contentsGravity = kCAGravityResizeAspectFill;
    [self.view.layer addSublayer:self.customLayer];
    self.imageView = [[UIImageView alloc] init];
    self.imageView.frame = CGRectMake(0, 0, 100, 100);
    [self.view addSubview:self.imageView];
    self.prevLayer = [AVCaptureVideoPreviewLayer
                      layerWithSession: self.captureSession];
    self.prevLayer.frame = CGRectMake(100, 0, 100, 100);
    self.prevLayer.videoGravity = AVLayerVideoGravityResizeAspectFill;
    [self.view.layer addSublayer: self.prevLayer];
}

#pragma mark -
#pragma mark AVCaptureSession delegate
- (void)captureOutput:(AVCaptureOutput *)captureOutput
didOutputSampleBuffer:(CMSampleBufferRef)sampleBuffer
       fromConnection:(AVCaptureConnection *)connection
{
    CVImageBufferRef imageBuffer = CMSampleBufferGetImageBuffer(sampleBuffer);
    CVPixelBufferLockBaseAddress(imageBuffer,0);
    uint8_t *baseAddress = (uint8_t *)CVPixelBufferGetBaseAddress(imageBuffer);
    size_t bytesPerRow = CVPixelBufferGetBytesPerRow(imageBuffer);
    size_t width = CVPixelBufferGetWidth(imageBuffer);
    size_t height = CVPixelBufferGetHeight(imageBuffer);
    
    CGColorSpaceRef colorSpace = CGColorSpaceCreateDeviceRGB();
    CGContextRef newContext = CGBitmapContextCreate(baseAddress,
                                                    width, height, 8, bytesPerRow, colorSpace,
                                                    kCGBitmapByteOrder32Little | kCGImageAlphaPremultipliedFirst);
    CGImageRef newImage = CGBitmapContextCreateImage(newContext);
    
    CGContextRelease(newContext);
    CGColorSpaceRelease(colorSpace);
    
    [self.customLayer performSelectorOnMainThread:@selector(setContents:)
                                       withObject: (__bridge id) newImage waitUntilDone:YES]; 
    
    UIImage *image= [UIImage imageWithCGImage:newImage scale:1.0 
                                  orientation:UIImageOrientationRight]; 
    
    CGImageRelease(newImage);
    
    [self.imageView performSelectorOnMainThread:@selector(setImage:) 
                                     withObject:image waitUntilDone:YES]; 
    
    CVPixelBufferUnlockBaseAddress(imageBuffer,0); 
}

总结

从以上代码可以看出是通过在AVCaptureSession添加input和output源，startRunning后，通过代理接口来获取图像数据，并通过layer来显示图像数据.